Having traveled to different places on the planet, I respect cultural traditions and love learning about them, but one thing I’ve learned is that some cultural traditions can be cruel like the running of the bulls in Spain, cockfighting in Haiti, or the mass animal sacrifice in southern Nepal known as Gadhimai Festival.
Many have spoken out against this ritualistic killing, but the practice continues to this day. At its peak back in 2009, estimates put the killings at anywhere from 250,000 to 500,000 animals over the course of two days. Even public government officials and activists in Nepal have spoken out against the mass slaughter of animals during this festival. It’s the largest mass slaughter of animals in the world.
Key Takeaways
What is Gadhimai Festival?

Gadhimai Festival is a Hindu festival held every five years dubbed “The world’s bloodiest festival.” The sacrifice takes place to the Hindu goddess Gadhimai, an aspect of Kali, the Hindu goddess of power.
This festival has provoked national and international outrage due to its mass animal cruelty.
Everywhere you look, animals are being beheaded with swords and machetes.
The animals make an exhaustive journey with little food, a lack of water, and cruel beheadings at the end.
An estimated 90 percent of the animals enroute to Gadhimai Festival come from India with more than 2,000 butchers performing the sacrifices.
This festival began 265 years ago when Bhagwan Chowdhary, a feudal landlord, was told in a dream that the spilling of blood would please the goddess Gadhimai.
It wished for this after freeing him from prison and protecting him from evil while promising him power and prosperity. While the goddess originally requested human sacrifice, Chowdhary chose the alternative of animal sacrifice.
Many travel to this festival at the Gadhimai Temple in the Bara District of Nepal, about 93 miles from Kathmandu, in the hopes of having their wishes granted.
The animals sacrificed at the festival include:
The animals sacrificed have no age limits and one person reported being appalled at the sight of a 10-day-old calf being sacrificed cruelly and headless pigeons being thrown up on a roof.
Fighting Back against Animal Cruelty

Unfortunately, changing centuries old traditions can take time, and many have tried to fight against it by simply reducing the number of animals sacrificed. Besides reducing how many animals face a cruel beheading at Gadhimai, they have chosen to fight back in less direct ways.
With 90 percent of the animals coming from India, Indian authorities have begun to seize animals from unlicensed traders, reducing how many animals get sacrificed at Gadhimai. This action has had a huge impact because most of the animals transported are illegally transported there.
Here’s a news story (1) where border officials and animal activists save over 750 buffaloes, goats, pigeons, and chickens from sacrifice at Gadhimai.
The Nepalese government does not provide support for this event, which has made it easier for people to fight back against this cruel event.
One example of pushback against the event has been Alokparna Sengupta, the Humane Society India Director, who directly challenged the head priest of the event Motilal Kuswaha. Unfortunately, despite her pleas and the pleas of many, the festival goes on.
Reasons for Optimism
This festival has a tradition of over 265 years, and with that in mind, many devotees still believe that the festival requires blood to please the goddess Gadhimai.
Some cracks have begun to show with some believing that they have begun to change their ways. For example, some of the devotees who go to Gadhimai have not taken animals to sacrifice them like in the past years. There are also signs that the temple committee has begun to feel shaken by the pushback. The number of animals sacrificed has gradually begun to drop.
In 2024, they estimated around 200,000 animals were sacrificed, which included 6,000 buffaloes. That number may sound unimpressive, but it has shown that the numbers have begun to dwindle slightly from the peak of 500,000.
There are also activist groups within Nepal against the mass slaughter of animals like the Federation of Animal Welfare Nepal.
They have tried to start a request for a bloodless Gadhimai festival, but changing minds with something so deeply entrenched takes time.

Many devotees believe that there must be blood sacrificed. The head priest once promised to stop sacrificing animals at Gadhimai in a video, but he later went back on it.
In 2016, the Supreme Court of Nepal made a legal order to those at the head of Gadhimai to slowly stop this barbaric practice of the ritual sacrificing of animals, but the practice continues.
Unfortunately, you probably won't see an end to mass animal sacrifice any time soon without growing awareness of this problem.
Increased pressure has changed how Gadhimai Festival takes place.
Animal welfare organizations in Nepal and India have begun to coordinate their efforts in the hopes of stopping this mass ritual killings. Besides the killings, some worry about hygiene. Many activists described it as a bloodbath with blood, feces, and the smell of death hanging in the air.
According to the American Academy of CPR and First Aid (2), many diseases spread to humans from the body fluids of animals, and with so much blood at a festival, this place becomes unhygienic at best.
Final Thoughts
Devotees go to Gadhimai with the belief that ritually sacrificing animals will grant them their wishes, and this has fueled the cruelty of this festival. Animal sacrifice is also a deeply ingrained tradition in Nepal and even Hinduism (although not all Hindus practice it) with many believing it will bring blessings or grant wishes. Another Hindu festival that performs animal sacrifice is known as the Dashain Festival.
Fighting against festivals like this requires a coordinated effort, and like trying to stop people from eating meat, it takes time to create change.
(1) https://www.hsi.org/news-resources/mass-beheading-of-hundreds-of-thousands-of-animals-takes-place-at-nepals-gadhimai-festival-although-animal-groups-and-border-police-save-over-750-lucky-buffaloes-goats-pigeons-and-chickens/
(2) https://www.onlinecprcertification.net/blog/body-fluids-and-blood-from-pet-can-transmit-infections-to-humans/













































